Dobrý den, narazil jsem na jednu větu u které nechápu, proč je v ní před spojkou “since” použita čárka. Cituji: “We have said that individual firms in monopolistic competition will be price-makers, since they face downward-sloping demand curves.”

Dependent clause se přece odděluje čárkou, když je první, nebo ta clause předtím má záporný přísudek. Děkuji

Punctuation rules in English are minimal(,) compared with Czech. In your sentence(,) the comma after „price–makers“ is optional(,) as are the commas I've used in brackets in this sentence.

I've never heard of the „rule“ you quote. To my well educated eye, your sentence is fine with or without the comma. I prefer it with the comma, because it's a comparatively long sentence so the comma helps to break it up and therefore helps us to understand it better.

In any case, formal grammar hasn't been taught in schools in the UK for decades. I'd say 95% of well educated people in the UK wouldn't know what a dependent clause is.

Hello, thank you for your answer. I haven’t had any clue about the fact that most of well educated people in the UK doesn’t know the formal grammar. I mean I know they don’t need to learn the things that they’ve acquired from speaking English every day, for example tenses, articles etc. But I haven’t known about the commas as we need to learn the rules for commas in Czech in the Czech school system. That’s a huge difference in my eyes ;D I have learnt those rules that I apply, while preparing for exams. Usually I draw on a book “Punctuation Guide”, which contains the rule that I mentioned (dependent clause).