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The Welsh language, known as Cymraeg, is one of Europe's oldest living languages. It belongs to the Brythonic branch of the Celtic language family, alongside Cornish and Breton. Once spoken across much of Britain, Welsh gradually retreated westward due to historical events, including the Anglo-Saxon and Norman conquests. Despite these challenges, it remains central to Wales’s cultural identity.
During the 20th century, Welsh declined as English became dominant in education, media, and public life. However, a revival movement began in the latter half of the century, leading to significant progress. Welsh-medium schools were established, where most subjects are taught in Welsh, particularly in areas with many Welsh speakers. Bilingual schools also emerged, offering instruction in both Welsh and English.
Today, Welsh has official status in Wales and is a compulsory subject in all schools until age 16. In some schools, Welsh is the primary language of instruction, while in others, it is taught alongside English. Bilingual signage is common in cities and rural areas, and government services are available in both languages. While Welsh still faces challenges, modern Wales embraces its unique linguistic landscape, where Welsh and English coexist, enriching the country’s cultural experience.
Recorded by Samantha Reed, a native speaker from Wales, 2025
