Craig needed to pay the phone bill yesterday,
but he forgot.
Nevím, jaká se “hledala” odpověd' v daném případě, ale “needed
to” je tady v pořádku. Lidé si čím dál víc neradi nechají poroučet
ve smyslu “you must”, “you should”, “you have to”, “you've got
to”, “you ought to”. Proto často dáváme přednost nekonfrontační
vazbě “you need to” jakoby šlo o nějakou vaši potřebnost, že by vám
jinak něco jaksi “scházelo”, a když jste potřebnou věc nedělal, nejste
“darebák” ale spíš “chudák”.
I don't know what answer they were “looking for” in this case, but
“needed to” is ok here. Increasingly, people don't like being given orders
like … Therefore we often prefer the non-confrontational construction “you
need to” as if it's something you personally need, as if
something's otherwise missing, and if you didn't do the required action,
you're to be “pitied” or “empathised with” rather than “blamed”.
- Craig should have paid …
- Craig ought to have paid …
- Craig was required to pay …
- Craig was supposed to pay
- Craig was supposed to have paid …
- It was necessary for Craig to pay …
- Craig needed to pay …
- Craig needed to have paid …
Chápu ale, že kdyby chtěli gramatický shodný “opis” od “should
have paid”, pak potřebovali vidět “ought to have paid”, protože needed to pay / have paid nemusí být
v souladu s gramatickým jevem, který právě probrali. Ale v běžném
idiomatickém úzu na “needed to” není v daném případě nic
špatného.
I do understand that if they were looking for a grammatically equivalent
workaround for “should have paid”, they needed to see “ought to have
paid”, because needed to pay / have
paid doesn't necessarily tally with the grammatical point they've just
covered. However, in everyday idiomatic usage, there's nothing wrong with
“needed to” here.
… the amount of tax deducted at source will usually end up being more than
they really needed
to have paid …
V daném kontextu: … needed to have paid = should have paid = ought to
have paid …